Factors affecting Entrepreneurship


Factors affecting Entrepreneurship

 

Entrepreneurship is a complex phenomenon influenced by the interplay of a wide variety of factors. The entrepreneurial activity at any time is dependent upon a complex and varying combination of economic, social, political, psychological and other factors. These factors may have been both positive and negative effluences on the emergence of entrepreneurship. Positive influences constitute facilitative and conductive conclusive for the emergence of entrepreneurship whereas negative influences create inhibiting milieu to the emergence of entrepreneurship. Following factors contribute to the success of entrepreneurship:

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1.Personality Factors

Personality traits such as inner desire for control of their activities, tolerance for risk, high level of tolerance to function in adverse situations and background experiences such as the family environment, level of education, age and work history tolerance for ambiguity are important personal characteristics that affect entrepreneurship. Individuals who are desirous of working independently; willing to work for long hours and assume risk; are self-confident and hard-working are likely to be more successful as entrepreneurs than those who do not posses these qualities

Personal factors, becoming core competencies of entrepreneurs, include:

(a) Initiative (does things before being asked for)

(b) Proactive (identification and utilization of opportunities)

(c) Perseverance (working against all odds to overcome obstacles and never complacent with success)

(d) Problem-solver (conceives new ideas and achieves innovative solutions)

(e) Persuasion (to customers and financiers for patronization of his business and develops & maintains relationships)

(f) Self-confidence (takes and sticks to his decisions)

(g) Self-critical (learning from his mistakes and experiences of others)

(h) A Planner (collects information, prepares a plan, and monitors performance)

(i) Risk-taker (the basic quality).

2. Environmental factors

These factors relate to the conditions in which an entrepreneur has to work. If the environment that a individual is working in is unsatisfactory, that is, not conducive to his growth needs, it is likely that the individual will quit his job and start his own business as an entrepreneur. Unsatisfied personal needs for growth and achievement in employment conditions results in successful entrepreneurship.

3. Political

 Some researchers felt that the growth of entrepreneurship cannot be explained fully unless the political set-up of a country is taken into consideration. Political stability in a country is absolutely essential for smooth economic activity. Frequent political protests, strikes, etc. hinder economic activity and entrepreneurship. Unfair trade practices, irrational monetary and fiscal policies, etc. are a roadblock to the growth of entrepreneurship

4. Socio-Economic Factors

The entrepreneurial activity at any time and place is governed by varying combination of socio-economic factors. The empirical studies have identified the following socioeconomic factors:

  • Cast/religion
  • Family background
  • Level of Education
  • Level of perception
  • Legitimacy of Entrepreneurship
  • Migratory character
  • Social Mobility
  • Social Security
  • Investment capacity
  • Ambition/motivation
Factors affecting Entrepreneurship

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